Officium stratoris в церковно-государственных отношениях в Византии в XIII в.
Дата публикации
2020
Назавание
Номер ISSN
Том
Издатель
Минская духовная академия
Аннотация
В статье рассматривается влияние церемонии officium stratoris или «услужения конюшего» на церковно-государственные отношения в Византии в XIII в. Текст Donatio Constantini, в котором предусматривалось проведение особого обряда officium stratoris, имел обширное распространение под влиянием папства. Целью этой церемонии было показать превосходство церковной власти по отношению к светской. В Византии обряд officium stratoris появился вследствие проникновения идей западно-латинского мира в византийское общество, в частности, влияния идей «реформированного» папства. Церемония «услужения конюшего» была воспринята византийцами как унизительная и недостойная императора. Это подтверждается свидетельством историка Иоанна Киннама (XII в.), неизвестного византийского автора полемического памфлета об использовании опресноков (XIII в.). Обряд officium stratoris был распространен в Византийской империи после захвата Константинополя армией четвертого крестового похода в 1204 г.
и последующей политической раздробленности территории. Текст Donatio Constantini оказал определенное влияние на совершение этой церемонии в Византии. Впервые officium stratoris совершил Михаил Палеолог во время встречи c патриархом Арсением Авторианом в Никейской империи, в Магнезии, в 1258 г. Обряд officium stratoris был включен в византийский церемониал, в том числе после отвоевания Константинополя Михаилом VIII Палеологом, что свидетельствует о глубоких изменениях в характере церковно-государственных отношений.
In the article we consider the influence of the ceremony officium stratoris or «office of the groom» on Church-State relations in Byzantium in the 13th century. The text of Donatio Constantini, where the conducting of a special ritual of officium stratoris was provided, was spread widely under influence of the Papacy. The aim of this ceremony was to display the superiority of the ecclesiastical over the secular powers. In Byzantium the ritual of officium stratoris appeared due to the penetration of ideas of the Occidental Latin world in the byzantine society, in particular, the influence of ideas of the «reformed» Papacy. The ceremony of «office of the groom» was perceived by the Byzantines as humiliating and indign of the emperor. This is confirmed by the testimony of the historian John Kinnamos (12th century), an unknown anonymous Byzantine author of a polemical pamphlet on the usage of unleavened bread (13th century). The ritual of officium stratoris was widespread in the Byzantine Empire after the capture of Constantinople by the army of the Fourth Crusade in 1204 and after the political fragmentation of the territory. The Donatio Constantini text had a definite influence on the performance of this ceremony in Byzantium. Officium stratoris was first performed by Michael Palaiologos at the time of his meeting with Patriarch Arsenios Autoreianos in the Nicaean Empire, at Magnesia, in 1258. The ritual of officium stratoris was included in the Byzantine ceremonial after reconquering of Constantinople by Michael VIII Palaiologos, thus bearing witness of a deep change in Church-State relationships.
In the article we consider the influence of the ceremony officium stratoris or «office of the groom» on Church-State relations in Byzantium in the 13th century. The text of Donatio Constantini, where the conducting of a special ritual of officium stratoris was provided, was spread widely under influence of the Papacy. The aim of this ceremony was to display the superiority of the ecclesiastical over the secular powers. In Byzantium the ritual of officium stratoris appeared due to the penetration of ideas of the Occidental Latin world in the byzantine society, in particular, the influence of ideas of the «reformed» Papacy. The ceremony of «office of the groom» was perceived by the Byzantines as humiliating and indign of the emperor. This is confirmed by the testimony of the historian John Kinnamos (12th century), an unknown anonymous Byzantine author of a polemical pamphlet on the usage of unleavened bread (13th century). The ritual of officium stratoris was widespread in the Byzantine Empire after the capture of Constantinople by the army of the Fourth Crusade in 1204 and after the political fragmentation of the territory. The Donatio Constantini text had a definite influence on the performance of this ceremony in Byzantium. Officium stratoris was first performed by Michael Palaiologos at the time of his meeting with Patriarch Arsenios Autoreianos in the Nicaean Empire, at Magnesia, in 1258. The ritual of officium stratoris was included in the Byzantine ceremonial after reconquering of Constantinople by Michael VIII Palaiologos, thus bearing witness of a deep change in Church-State relationships.
Описание
Валерий Саввович Евтуховский – магистр гуманитарных наук, выпускник аспирантуры Минской духовной академии.
E-mail: vevtu.evtuhovski@gmail.com
ORCID: 0000-0003-0301-8313
Evtoukhovski V. S. Officium stratoris in Church-State relations in Byzantium in the 13th century // Proceedings of the Minsk Theological Academy. 2020. №. 17. P. 131–156.
Evtoukhovski V. S. Officium stratoris in Church-State relations in Byzantium in the 13th century // Proceedings of the Minsk Theological Academy. 2020. №. 17. P. 131–156.
Ключевые слова
Византийская империя, Византийская Церковь, Императоры, Папство, Религиозные обряды
Библиографическое описание
Евтуховский Валерий Саввович. Officium stratoris в церковно-государственных отношениях в Византии в XIII в. // Труды Минской духовной академии. 2020. № 17. С. 131–156.
Evtoukhovski V. S. Officium stratoris in Church-State relations in Byzantium in the 13th century // Proceedings of the Minsk Theological Academy. 2020. №. 17. P. 131–156.
Evtoukhovski V. S. Officium stratoris in Church-State relations in Byzantium in the 13th century // Proceedings of the Minsk Theological Academy. 2020. №. 17. P. 131–156.